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(No Mudel.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1'.

A. 1. AMBLBR]. IRONPUDDLING AND GAS GENERATING APPARATUS. No. 247,984. Patented Oct. 4.1881;

Iiivenlor N- PETERS. Plwlo-Mhagmpher. Washington. D. C.

(No Model.) I 3 Sheets- -Sheet 2.

. A. I. AMB LER.

- IRON PUDDLING AND GAS GENERATING APPARATUS..

, No. 247,984. v "Patented OMS- 4,1881.

Inventor N. PETERS. Prwlwumo n lwr. Washington D. C.

(N0 A I. R 3 Sheets-*Sheet 3. IRON PUD'DLING AND GAS GENERATING APPARATUS. .No. 247,984. Patented Oct; 4;1-881.

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m. m.. if. v A A. m. A M I A W M A M N. W: i E iw N\\\ Q? ZZZ V ll? 1 A Wtlneses I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

AUGUS'IIN I. AMBLER, \VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE INTERNATIONAL VAPOR FUEL CARBON IRON AND MANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

lRON-PUDDLING AND GAS- SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters GENERATING APPARATUS.

Patent No. 247,984, dated October 4, 1881.

Application filed August 2, 1880. (No model.)

1'0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, AUGUSTIN I. AMBLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, .iu the county of Washington and District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Iron-Puddlin g and Gas-Generating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following tob'e a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to. make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for puddling and otherwise treating iron and steel, and for generating gas or vapor from petroleum audits products, and mingling therewith superheated steam so as to form a hydrocarbon vapor for use in such apparatus in heating the same and the metal placed there in; and the objects of my improvements are, first, to provide a suitablefurnace for puddling iron and for reheating the blooms or bars;

second, to provide an improved apparatus for generating gas orvapor from petroleum and its products, and for mingling therewith super heated steam, and at the same time and by the same operation to produce an oil of lowspecific gravity (Baum scale) suitable for use as a lubricant and for other purposes, said gasgenerating apparatus being combined with the puddling and reheating furnace and being the means by which fuel is furnished therefor; third, to provide suitably-constructed devices and combinations thereof for producing the re-- sults named. VI attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which t Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus, showing the brickwork in which it is inclosed, a steam-generator, two gas-generators, a heating-furnace for use in starting the operation, a puddlin g and reheating furnace, and pipes and passages for connecting the different parts of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line :20 w of Fig. 1, showing the steam-generators and other parts in posi tion' for use. Fig. 8 is a transverse section on line yy of Fig. 1, showing the gas-generators; and Figs.

4 and 5 are sections showing the construction of parts of the gas-generators.

' Similar letters and figures refer to similar parts in the several views.

In constructing furnaces and gas-generators 'of this character and in providing for their joint use there is formed a receptacle, A, for the parts, made of bricks or of any other suitable material, it being supplied with achamber or furnace, A, in which there is placed a pan or reservoir, A for the reception of the iron or other material to be puddled. This pan or reservoir rests upon balls of metal so as to allow it to expand freelyin all directions, and has underneath it an air-chamber for the circulation of 'air beneath it, to prevent it from becoming too highly heated. This pan is, by preference, made circular in form, but any other form may be adopted if found desirable.

For conducting the flame from the burners to the puddling-furnace, flues A A are provided, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, they passing over bridge-walls, as shown inFig. 2, and bev ing deflected downward upon the iron by the curves formed in the arch of the furnace.

From the rear end of furnace A there extends a flue, A, which passes upward to a chamber, B in which are placed pipes B B, which are for the passage of hot air or superheated steam. After passing over a bridgewall beneath chamber B the flame and heated products of combustion pass down through the flue or passage B and into a reheating-furnace, B, in which is shown a pile of bars or billots of iron, B, which are supposed to be undergoing thereheating process. From the furnace the heat passes to the fines G, which extend around and between the gas-generators D and E, and thence to a flue, G underneath the steam-generator F, soon to be described, a portion of said heated products passing through flues or tubes placed in such steamgenerator, from which point they pass into the chimney and are delivered into the atmosphere.

For the purpose of connecting the chambers A, B, and B with the fines O and for-the admission of air thereto, small flues or pipes at a are formed or placed in the brick-work in the manner shown, whereby air, either heated or cold, may be admitted into said chambers and pass into the furnaces and fines of the apparatus, and is thus made to aid combustion therein. The passages leading to the puddling and reheating furnaces are supplied with the requisite doors for closing them and preventing the egress of heat at these points,and also the ingress of too much cold air.

As a means of generating gas or vapor from petroleum and its products for use in the furnaces above described, there are provided two or more gas or vapor generators, D and E, which are placed in flue 0, leading from the iron-furnaces to the steam-generators. These gas-generators are arranged one above the other, they being connected together by suitaable pipes for the passage of steam and gas or vapor from the oil, and they consist of two double cylinders, D and E. Within the cylinder D thereis placed asmaller one the outer diameter of which is so much less than theinterior diameter of the outer one as to leave a space or steam-chamber between them sufliciently large for the free circulation of superheated steam. These cylinders have each a head bolted upon one of their ends, the joints being ground so as to cause them to be steam and gas tight, they being held in position by means of yokes and set-screws, as clearly sho wn in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

The generators are connected together by a pipe which extends from one to the other, its ends communicating with the steam-spaces between the outer and inner cylinders in each of them.

\Vithin the interior cylinder of generator E there is placed a gas or vapor receptacle, E, which consists of a short cylinder or box, having a perforated uppcr surface, through which the gas or vapor escapes into said interior cylinder, where it is adheatcd by a coil of pipe, E through which superheated steamiscaused to pass, the gas escaping from the said cylinder to the burners through the pipe I, which conducts it to the desired locality.

From the receptacle E there extends downward and into the interior cylinder of generator D a pipe, D, upon the lower portion of which there'is placed a trap, having in it a cock for drawing 0E any oil that may collect therein. From this trap the pipe D extends upward to near the upper wall of the cylinder in which it is placed, its upper end being perforated, so that the gas or vapor collecting in the chamber in the lower interior cylinder may pass into it out into the receptacle E, and

thence through the perforations in the top to the upper inner cylinder for use.

In order that the chamber in which pipe D is placed shall receive gas or vapor only, and that the body of oil which is allowed to collect in the lower portion of the interior cylinder of the generator D shall not enter said chamber, there is provided a plate or diaphragm, D which fits tightly in the cylinder, thus preventing the flow of oil into it. This plate or diaphragm is perforated near its upper surface, so' that the gas or vapor which rises to the upper portion of the cylinder may pass freely into the chamber.

For the purpose of conducting the oil 'to be vaporized to the interior cylinder of generator D there is provided a pipe, D, which extends through one end of each of the cylinders composing the generator D, and passes inward to and through the plate or diaphragm above alluded to,its innerend being closed by a plug, so that no oil can pass that point. This pipe is to be perforated, so that the oil in enteringit shall be allowed to pass out upon the coil D which, acting in conjunction with the steamheated surface of the cylinder, will convert a large proportion of it into gas or vapor, which will pa s off as above described, the remaining portion of the oil, or that portion not vaporized, being drawn off and used as a lubricant or for other purposes where an oil of low specific gravity (Baume scale) is required.

For superheatin g steam for use in this apparatus a coil of pipe, d, is placed around the generator D, one of its ends being connected with steam-generators, soon to be described, and its opposite end to a pipe or pipes leading to the interior of the gas-generators, the beat for superheating the steam in said coil being derived from the flame and heated products of combustion passing through the fine 0 of the furnace.

Within the inner cylinder of the upper gasgenerator there is placed a coil of pipe, E through which steam passes from the space between the two cylinders, it having previously traversed the space between the cylinders of the lower generator, this coil of pipe, as before remarked, serving to adheat the gas or vapor.

For the purpose of supplying the gas or vapor generators with oil there is employed a steam-driven pump, G, which is connected by a pipe. G, with an oil-supply tank, not shown, but which may be located at any safe distance from the furnace, and under ground it desirable for safety. From this tank the oil is taken by the pump and forced through a pipe, E, into a tank or pipe of large dimensions, designated as F. Oil is forced into this pipe until it has attained such pressure as to cause it to flow through a pipe, F into the pipe D, and into the interior of the inner cylinder of the generator D, the quantity thus passing being regulated by a valve, 7, placed in said pipe.

As a further means of injecting the oil the upper end of pipe F is connected with the steam-generator by means of a pipe provided with a valve, 3, so that steam may be let into pipe F at or near the top of the body of the oil,which will thus be forced to its destination by steam pressure, it being regulated by the valve 3.

For the purpose of utilizing as far as possible the heat used in the puddling and reheating furnaces, and thus producing the best eccnomic results, there is combined with the other parts ofthe apparatus one or more steam-gen erateall of the steam required for the vaporization of the oil used in the gas or vapor gen= erators'and for driving the steam-pump, and by increasing the number of steam-generators may be made to furnish a large surplus of steam for other'purposes.

The steam for driving the pump G and for vaporizing the oil is taken from the dome of one of the steam-generators through valve 2, passes through pipe H and valves 4 4, by which the amount may be controlled, a portionpass- .ing through pipe F and valve 5 to the pump.

It'is sometimes desirable to use steam that has not been superheated-as, for instance, in

starting the operation of the'apparatus or at times when it is only necessary to use a small amount of vapor-and to provide for occasions of this kind a pipe, H, is connected to one of the steam-generators, it being supplied with valves 10 10 and leading down to and being connected with a pipe leading to the chambers and coils of pipe in the gas-generators, the arrangementbeing such that by closing the valves which allow steam to pass through the superheating-coil and opening those in pipe H saturated steam may be used to the exclusion of the superheated or, should the heat in the furnace C be so intense at any time as to superheat the steam to too great an extent, by

properly manipulatingthe valves the two kinds of steam may be mingled in the gas or vapor generators, and thus the temperature be regulated to suit the difl'erent circumstances.

For taking-the gas or vaporfrom the generators and conducting it to the burners a pipe, I, is provided, which is supplied with a valve, 14, (shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.) To the outer end of this pipe two double T-pieces are secured, from the lower apertures in which pipes I I lead to the burners 1 1 placed in the lines leading to the puddling-furnace,each of these pipes being supplied with a valve, 12, for'controlling the amount of gas that shall pass through it.

As a means of conducting steam from the coil in which it is superheated to the chambers and coils of the gas or vapor generators pipes I are provided, the amount ofsteam passing them being controlled by valves 6, 6, and 9. For conducting superheated steam into direct contact with the body ofthe'oil in and with pyrometers for showing the temperature of the steam and gas; but as these parts, when separately considered, form no part of the invention claimed in this application, they need not be particularly described here, their combinations and arrangement being clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The apparatus is also provided with aglass gage, which is attached to the gas or vapor generators for thegpurpose of showing the condition of the oil in the lower one and for determining when the same should be drawn off, it being effected by means of a pipe supplied with a valve, 13, (shown in Fig. 2.)

The-method of operating this apparatus is as follows: The parts being constructed and arranged substantially as shown, a fire is kindled in the furnace O and is kept burning heat is obtained therein it is let,into the inner cylinder of generator D, which vaporizes the oil to such an extent as to fill the gas-chambers. The superheated steam is then let into the body of the oil in the generator D, by

which means the requisite amount of pressure will be obtained. When the gas-pressure gage shows a pressure of, sa v, ten pounds less than the gage connected with the steam-generator, or, say, eighty pounds, and the pyrometer shows from 300 to 400 Fahrenheit, the'gas or vapor is ready for use. The valves 12 12 are now opened slightly and the gas is permitted to flow to the burners, where it is ignited by any suitable means, the flames and heat'passing to the puddling a'nd reheating furnaces, it being regulated according to the kind of work to be done, such effect being produced by theregulation of the quantity of gas burned. v

For the purpose of collecting any oil that may result from the condensation of gas or vapor in the pipe leading from the gas or vapor generators to the burners, there is provided a tank, L, a cock being placed in the pipe for drawing it otf into said tank. a I do not claim in this application the combination of horizontally-arranged double cylinders having a steam space between them, such cylinders having coils of pipe in them; neither do I claim here the combination of the removable heads with thecylinders; neither do I here claim any part of the apparatus shown-for generating gas from petroleum or other hydrocarbons, or i'ordecomposing steamas such parts are shown, described, and claimed in an application filed by meon the 2d ofAugust, 1880, and designated as "Oase. B, for an apparatus for the production of gas or vapor from petroleum.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcut, is-- 1. In an apparatus for generating gas or vapor from petroleum and other hydrocarbons, and for paddling and reheating iron and steel, the combination of the gas or vapor generators D and E, constructed substantially as herein described, one or more steam generators for generating steam by the waste heat from the furnace, a puddling and a reheating furnace, said combination toincl ude the necessary pipes for conducting the gas from the gas-generators to the furnaces. and lines for conducting the flame and heat from the furnace to the steamgenerator, all substantially as described.

2. The combination of the puddling-furnace A, reheating-furnace B, the tines A A and O, the gas or vapor generators, and one or more steam-generators, F, all arranged for operation substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for generating gas or vapor from petroleum and for paddling and reheating iron and steel, the combination of the preliminary furnace C, paddling-furnace A, reheating-furnace B, fines or passages C, the gas or vapor generators D and E, and one or more steam-generators, F, the parts being constructed and arranged for joint operation substantially as described.

4. In combination with the furnaces A and B, the circulating tubes or flues a a, and the flue 0 for the passage of air and a portion of the heat from said furnaces, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the puddling-furnace A, the reheating-furnace B, the gas or vapor generators D and E, gas-pipes I, gas-burners 1 and fines or passages A the parts being arranged for joint operation substantially as r set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AUGUS'IIN I. AMBLER. Witnesses:

D. P. HOLLOWAY, GEO. F. GRAHAM. 

